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AI and the labour market in Chile

How many workers are in occupations exposed to artificial intelligence, and how many businesses already adopt technology. Combines ENE (INE quarterly employment), ELE-7 (businesses) and the AI exposure index.

Employment and AI exposure in Chile

Methodology.The AI exposure index from Eloundou et al. (2023) is assigned to the ENE's CIUO-08 occupational groups. Each worker inherits their occupation's exposure, weighted by INE's expansion factor, and the indicator aggregates the result nationally. This is an exploratory exercise: the index was developed for occupations in the United States and helps compare groups, rather than predict how many jobs will change.

Total employment and aggregate AI exposure

Bars: employed people. Line: aggregate AI exposure.

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    Fuente: Encuesta Nacional de Empleo, INE Chile (trimestres móviles EFM = enero-febrero-marzo, MJJ = mayo-junio-julio, SON = septiembre-octubre-noviembre; 2018-2024). Índice de exposición: Eloundou, Manning, Mishkin & Rock, "GPTs are GPTs" (2023). Elaboración propia.

    Workers in highly exposed occupations (CIUO 1-4)

    Percentage of total employment. The axis does not start at zero.

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    Fuente: ENE/INE. Grupos CIUO 1-4: directores y gerentes, profesionales científicos, técnicos de nivel medio y personal de apoyo administrativo, las ocupaciones con exposición mayor a 45%.

    Occupational structure and AI exposure

    Employment distribution by occupational group

    Percentage of total employment by CIUO-08 group.

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      Fuente: ENE/INE, último trimestre disponible. Clasificación CIUO-08 a 1 dígito, ponderada por el factor de expansión.

      AI exposure versus share of employment

      Each bubble represents an occupational group; its size is the number of employed people.

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        Fuente: ENE/INE e índice de exposición de Eloundou et al. (2023). La exposición va de 0% a 100%.

        Employment trends by sector

        Employment by economic sector: quarterly series

        The 6 sectors with the most accumulated employed people since 2018. Millions of people.

          Warning: some sector figures in this series appear inconsistent. Check against the source before citing them.

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          Fuente: ENE/INE, clasificación CAENES rev.4, trimestres móviles EFM, MJJ y SON.

          Technology adoption in businesses (ELE-7)

          Context.The Ministry of Economy's ELE-7 (Encuesta Longitudinal de Empresas) surveys 6,592 formal businesses with sales above 800 UF. Reference period: 2020-2022. It is the only Chilean source measuring technology adoption at business level.

          Technology adoption indicators by business size

          Percentage of businesses in each size group.

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            Fuente: ELE-7, Ministerio de Economía (2024). N = 6.592 empresas. Tamaño según ventas, tramos CORFO. Variables: B093 (software), D1103 (e-commerce), I114 (teletrabajo), D094/D173/D103 (alianzas tecnológicas).

            E-commerce sales and ICT spending (2020-2022)

            Billions of pesos per year.

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              Fuente: ELE-7. Ventas por e-commerce: variables D1204/D1205/D1208. Gasto TIC: C009/C045/C081 (comunicación, internet y soporte informático).

              E-commerce adoption by economic sector

              Percentage of businesses with e-commerce sales.

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              Fuente: ELE-7, Ministerio de Economía. Clasificación CIIU rev.4. Empresas que declaran ventas por comercio electrónico (D1103 = 1).

              Remote working by business size (2022)

              Percentage of businesses that had remote working.

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              Fuente: ELE-7, Ministerio de Economía. Variable I114: "Indique si la empresa, durante 2022, realizó o contó con teletrabajo". Tamaño según tramos CORFO.

              Summary: labour exposure and business adoption

              Main finding

                Open data:employment and AI (JSON), technology adoption (JSON) · economic data explorer.